Lock



Nw. 3, 1935. s, F, BRIGGS 2,059,678

y K LOCK Filed May 14, 1930 Ap I d E ff www Patented Nov. 3, 1936 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE LOCK Application May 14, 1930, Serial No. 452,334

37 Claims.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in locksand has as a broad object to provide an improved and simplified meansfor removably securing a lock cylinder assembled with its casing ormounting member.

Another object of this invention resides in the provision of means forremovably securing a lock cylinder in its mounting member, which meansmay be easily disabled by the insertion of a tool into the key receivingopening of the cylinder after the cylinder has been key operated.

A more specic object of this invention resides in the provision of anannular barrier carried by the lock cylinder and into which a casingcarried abutment extends to normally hold the cylinder againstdetachment, the annular barrier having an outlet gate which is normallyclosed by a member movable to inactive position by the insertion of atool into the lock cylinder.

With the above and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, my invention resides in the novel construction,combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafterdescribed and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it beingunderstood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope of the claims.

In the accompanying drawing, I have illustrated one complete example ofthe physical embodiment of my invention constructed according to thebest mode I have so far devised for the practical application of theprinciples thereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a View, partly in section and partly in elevation,illustrating a conventional vehicle door handle construction equippedwith my improved lock device;

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view taken through Figure l on the planeof the line 2-2;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 illustrating the manner ofremoving the lock cylinder; and

Figure 4 is a view of the lock cylinder per se taken on the plane of theline 4-4 of Figure 1.

Referring now more particularly to the accompanying drawing, in whichlike numerals designate like parts, the numeral 5 represents the casingor mounting member of a lock device which may form part of the stem of avehicle door handle 6 which has been illustrated in light dot and dashlines, as it forms no part of this invention.

The casing or mounting member 5 has a shaft I extended from its innerclosed end 8, through which the turning movement of the handle isimparted to the door latching mechanism, not shown. The shaft 'I has anenlarged head 9 which substantially lls the inner end of the casing ormounting member and has a transverse groove I0 in which a locking boltII is slidably mounted.

The bolt I I has a cooperating engagement with a cam I2 extendedeccentrically from the inner end of a lock cylinder I3 mounted Withinthe casing or mounting member 5, to be moved longitudinally in itsgroove I0 upon rotation of the cylinder. With the lock cylinder in itsunlocked position, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 3, the bolt IIextends into an opening I4 formed in l5 the Wall of the casing ormounting member 5 so that the shaft 'I and the handle are non-rotatablyconnected; and when the cylinder is turned to its locked position, whichin the present instance is degrees from its unlocked position, thelocking bolt II is extended outwardly from the mounting member and intoa suitable recess, not shown, formed in a conventional escutcheon plateI5 to secure the handle assembly against rotation.

The lock cylinder I3 is provided with a plurality of conventionallocking tumblers I6 which are yieldably urged to project into one of apair of tumbler receiving grooves I'I formed in the mounting member orcasing 5 to hold the cylinder against rotation in either its locked orunlocked position, the tumblers being retractible Within the peripheralsurface of the cylinder upon the insertion of a proper key I8 to freethe cylinder for rotation by the key.

Longitudinal movement of the lock cylinder with respect to its mountingmember is prevented by the engagement of an inwardly directed stop orabutment I9 with an annular abutment or barrier 20 which forms one sideof an annular groove 2I in the medial portion of the cylinder.

At one point of its circumference, the annular barrier 20 is cut away toprovide a gate or opening 22 of a width suflicient to permit the stop orabutment I9 to pass into and out of the annular channel 2I. The outletgate or opening 22 preferably is part of an extension 23 of the lockcylinder key slot 24 and is normally closed by a novel stop member 25mounted within the slot extension 23. v

The stop member 25 is pivotally mounted by a Apin 26 Whose ends areanchored in the lock cylinder, and has an extended arm 21 which, whenthe locking member is in its normal position, forms substantially acontinuation of the 55 annular barrier to prevent movement of theabutment I9 through the outlet gate or passage 22. An expansive spring28 confined between an arm 29 and a Wall 30 which forms part of the slotextension 23, yieldably maintains the stop member in its normaloperative p-osition, the movement of the locking member by the springbeing limited by the engagement of aY tailpiece SI extended from thelocking member with an abutment 32 at the extreme end of the slotextension 23. v

The circumferential location of the stop or abutment I9 is preferably ina plane coinciding with the longitudinal axes of the locking tumblerswhen the lock cylinder is in either eXtreme position and aligns With thepassage or outlet-.gate 22 when the lock cylinder is in its unlockedposition. Unauthorized removal of the lock cylinder is thereforeprevented as the possession of the proper key is necessary to turn thelock cylinder to its unlocked position when it is desired to remove thesame from the mounting member.

After the cylinder has been turned to its unlocked position, the key I8is removed and a special tool 33 having a cross section similar to'thatof the key to permit its insertion into the lock cylinder, is projectedinto the key slot 2li.v The tool 33 is longer than the regular key I8and its nose 34 abuts the arm 29 of the locking member and moves thesame about its pivotal mounting in a counterclockvvise direction to-'retract its `end 21 out of the path of the stop or abutment I9 asclearly illustrated in Figure 3. The passageway 22 is thus unobstructedso that the stop or abutment I9 may pass therethrough and the cylinderbe Withdrawn.

A hook 35 formed on the tool 33 engages With the outermost end 36 of theusual transverser slot 3T in which the various tumblers are mounted andwhich forms an enlargement of the key slot 24, to enable outwardlongitudinal stress to be applied to the cylinder.

Insertion of the cylinder may be effected Without the use of the specialtool or the key, for the stop member is in effect a spring pressed pawl.Hence, it is only necessary to align the passage 22 with the stop orabutment I9 and push the cylinder into the mounting member, the lockingmember end 21 having its leading edge 38 inclined to cam itself past thestop as it is engaged therewith, so that the cylinder is virtuallysnapped into position.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawing, it Will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art towhich an invention of thecharacter described appertains, that I provideanovel and extremely simple means for removably securing a lock cylinderin its mounting member which necessitates the turning of the cylinderfrom locked position and the use of a special tool to effect removal.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. In a lock device of the character described,

a mounting member, a mounting member carried abutment, a lock cylindermovable in the mounting member in the. performance of its normal lockingfunctions, a lock cylinder carried abutment engageable with the mountingmember abutment to removably secure the lock cylinder in the mountingmember, a movable element forming a part of the lock cylinder abutmentand past which the mounting member abutment is adapted to move duringinsertion and removal of the lock cylinder from the mounting member, andmeans for securing said movable element against movement by forceimparted thereto through the mounting member abutment to preventunauthorized removal of the lock cylinder from the mounting member.

2. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, amounting member carried abutment, a lock cylinder movable in themounting member in the performance of its normal locking functions, alock cylinder carried abutment engageable With the mounting memberabutment to removably secure the lock cylinder in the mounting member, amovable element forming a part of one of the abutments and past whichthe other abutment is adapted to move during insertion and removal ofthe lock cylinder from the mounting member, and means normallymaintaining said movable element in its operative position to preventunauthorized removal cf the lock cylinder from the mounting member.

3. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, anabutment carried by the mounting member, a lock cylinder movable in themounting member in the performance of its normal locking functions, abarrier engageable With the mounting member abutmentthroughout themovement of the lock cylinder in the performance of its lockingfunctions-to removably secure the lock cylinder in the mounting member,said barrier having an outlet passage to permit the mounting memberabutment to be disengaged from the lock cylinder barrier to release thelock cylinder for removal, and means normally closing said passage, saidmeans being adapted to be disabled by means insertable into the lockcylinder.

Ll. lIn a lock device, a mounting member, a lock cylinder in themounting member having key operable tumblers engageable with themounting member, said lock cylinder being movable in the mounting memberin the performance of its normal locking functions upon retraction ofits tum'- blers, vcooperating means carried by the mounting member andthe lock cylinder for removably securing the lock cylinder in themounting member,

a movable element forming part of one of said cooperating means, andmeans whereby said movable element may be moved to enable thecooperating means to be disengaged and release the lock cylinder forremoval by engagement with a tool l insertable into the lock cylinder.

5. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member havingan abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member in theperformance of its normal locking functions, a

barrier engageable with the mounting member mounting member having anabutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member in theperformance of its normal locking functions, a barrier engageable Withthe mounting member abutment to removably secure the lock cylinder inthe mounting member, and a movable member forming a portion of thebarrier and adapted to align with the mounting member abutment when thelock cylinder is in a predetermined position relative to the mountingmember, said movable l member being movable to release the lock cylinderfor removal by a tool insertable into an opening in the lock cylinder.

7. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member havingan abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member in theperformance of its normal locking functions, a barrier engageable withthe mounting member abutment to removably secure the lock cylinder inthe mounting member, said barrier being cut away for a distance toprovide an outlet passage through which the mounting member abutment isadapted to pass during insertion and removal of the lock cylinder fromthe mounting member, means yieldably urged to a position formingsubstantially a continuation of the barrier and closing the outletpassage to prevent unauthorized removal of the lock cylinder, and saidyieldable means being movable out of said position forming acontinuation of the barrier to release the cylinder for removal by meansinsertable into the lock cylinder.

8. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member havingan abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member in theperformance of its normal locking function, said lock cylinder having akey slot, a barrier engageable with the mounting member abutment toremovably secure the lock cylinder in the mounting member, said barrierhaving an outlet passage to permit the mounting member abutment to bedisengaged from the barrier to release the lock cylinder for removal,means yieldably maintained in a position closing said passage and havinga part adapted to be engaged by a tool inserted into the lock cylinderkey slot to be moved thereby to inactive position.

9. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member havingan abutment, a lock cylinder within the mounting member and having anannular channel in which the mounting member abutment is normallyengaged to removably secure the lock cylinder in the mounting member,said annular channel having an outlet passage communicating therewiththrough which the mounting member abutment may be passed duringinsertion and removal of the lock cylinder from the mounting member, andmeans carried by the lock cylinder to normally close said passage andprevent unauthorized removal of the cylinder.

10. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder mounted within the mounting memberand having an annular channel with which the mounting member abutment isengageable to secure the look cylinder in the mounting member, saidannular channel having a passage oommunicating therewith through whichthe mounting member abutment is adapted to pass during insertion andremoval of the lock cylinder from the mounting member, a movable membernormally forming substantially a continuation of one wall of the annularchannel to close said passage and prevent unauthorized removal of thelock cylinder, and means whereby said movable member may be moved toinactive position to release the lock cylinder for removal.

l1. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, anabutment carried by the mounting member, a lock cylinder insertable intothe mounting member, an abutment carried by the lock cylinder, a movablemember forming part of said lock cylinder carried abutment, said movablemember snapping past the mounting member abutment during insertion ofthe lock cylinder into the mounting member to permit the mounting memberabutment to be engaged with the lock cylinder abutment, and meanswhereby the movable member may be disabled to release the lock cylinderfor withdrawal from the mount-` ing member.

12. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, anabutment carried by the mounting member, a lock cylinder insertable intothe mounting member, a movable member adapted to snap past the mountingmember abutment during insertion of the lock cylinder into the mountingmember, said movable element securing the lock cylinder againstwithdrawal after the same has been moved past the mounting memberabutment, an abutment carried by the look cylinder which with themovable mem.- ber cooperates with the mounting member carried abutmentto releasably secure the lock cylinder in position, and means wherebysaid movable member may be disabled to release the lock cylinder forwithdrawal.

13. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member inthe performance of its normal locking functions, a barrier engageablewith the mounting member abutment to removably secure the lock cylinderin the mounting member, and a movable member normally forming a portionof the barrier and movable by means inserted into the lock cylinder toinactiveo position to release the lock cylinder for removal.

14. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, alock cylinder member, cooperating means carried by the said members forremovably securing the same assembled, said means permitting theassembly and disassembly of the members when in predetermined relativepositions of rotation, and means carried by one of the members andengageable with the said means on the other member for preventingdisassembly oi the members after said members are completely assembled.

l5. In a lock device of the character described,

a mounting member, a lock cylinder member insertable into the mountingmember, cooperating, means carried by said members for removablysecuring the lock cylinder member in the mounting member, said meanspermitting insertion and removal of the lock cylinder member when themembers are in predetermined relative positions of rotation, and meanscarried by one of said members and engageable with the said means of theother member as the lock cylinder member is inserted in the mountingmember to prevent unauthorized removal of the lock cylinder member.

16. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, alock cylinder member insertable into th-e mounting member, cooperatingmeans carried by said members for securing the lock cylinder member inthe mounting member in all positions of rotation except one, and movablemeans carried by one of said members and engageable with the means ofthe other member to normally prevent removal of the lock cylinder memberfrom the mounting member when the members are in said one position ofrelative rotation.

17. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, alock cylinder member insertable into the mounting member, cooperatingmeans carried by said members necessitating predetermined relativepositions of rotation of said members during insertion and removal ofthe lock cylinder member from the mounting member, and means carried byone of said members and engageable with the said means of the othermember after the lock cylinder member is inserted into the mountingmember to prevent unauthorized removal of the lock cylinder member fromthe mounting member.

18. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, alock cylinder member insertable into the mounting member, cooperatingmeans carried by said members for preventing removal and insertion ofthe lock cylinder member in all positions of relative rotation of saidmembers except one, and a movable pavvl carried by one of said membersand engageable with the said means of the other member as the lockcylinder member is inserted to cooperate With said cooperating means andreleasably secure the lock cylinder member in the mounting member.

19. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder insertable into the mounting member,a pawl movable by the mounting member abutment during insertion of thelock cylinder into the mounting member and operable after completeinsertion to prevent removal of a lock cylinder from the mountingmember, an abutment on the lock cylinder forming a circumferentialcontinuation of the pawl, and means for disabling the pawl to enableremoval of the lock cylinder.

20. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder insertable into the mounting memberand having a key-Way and a transverse groove with an entrance leadingthereto through which the mounting member abutment is passable duringinsertion of the lock cylinder into the mounting member to engage themounting member abutment in the transverse groove, a yieldable elementfor closing the entrance to the groove and adapted to snap past themounting member abutment during insertion of the lock cylinder into themounting member, and means carried by said yieldable element accessiblefrom the lock cylinder key-Way to enable the yieldable element to bemoved to inoperative position by a tool inserted into the key-Way.

21. In a lock device of the character described, a bored mountingmember, an abutment carried by the mounting member and projecting intothe bore, a lock cylinder insertable into the bore and having a grooveadjacent its inner end portion and an entrance slot leading to thegroove and through which the mounting member abutment is passable forentrance into the groove upon insertion of the lock cylinder into themounting member bore, alignment of the mounting member abutment with theentrance slot necessitating predetermined relative positions of rotationof the lock cylinder and mounting member, an element carried by the lockcylinder for closing said entrance to the groove, means yieldably urgingsaid element to its operative position to close the entrance, saidelement being movable to inoperative position upon forced engagementthereof With the mounting member abutment during insertion of the lockcylinder so that said element snaps past the mounting member abutmentduring insertion, and means carried by said element and accessible fromthe front end of the lock cylinder through an opening in the lockcylinder to afford means for moving said element to inoperativeposition.

22. In a lock, the combination of a casing having a bore extendinglongitudinally therethrough, a, cylindrical plug insertable endwise intoand rotatable in the bore of the casing and embodying a key slot at theouter end thereof,`keyoperable tumblers mounted in and movabletransversely of the plug and adapted to lock the plug against rotationin the casing, said casing having a longitudinal groove along the borefor receiving the ends of the tumblers when the plug is in its lockedposition, and a second longitudinal groove along the bore for receivingthe ends of the tumblers When the plug is in its unlocked position, anda device releasable when the plug is in its unlocked position forholding the plug against axial displacement in the casing, one end ofsaid second groove being open so as to permit the plug, when it is inits unlocked position and the holding device is released, to beWithdrawn from the casing Without the use of the tumbler key.

23. In a lock, the combination of a casing having a bore extendinglongitudinally therethrough, a cylindrical plug insertable endwise intoand rotatable in the bore of the casing, key-operable tumblers mountedin and movable transversely of the plug and adapted to lock the plugagainst rotation in the casing, said casing having a 1ongitudinal groovealong the-bore for receiving the ends of the tumblers when the plug isin its locked position, and a second longitudinal groove along the borefor receiving the ends of the tumblers when the plug is in its unlockedposition, and a device for holding the plug against axial displacementin the casing, mounted in the inner end of the plug and releasable whenthe plug is in its unlocked position, the iront end of said secondgroove being open and arranged so as to permit the plug, when it is inits unlocked position and the holding device is released, to bewithdrawn from the front of the casing without the use of the tumblerkey.

24. In a lock, the combination of a casing having a bore extendinglongitudinally therethrough, a cylindrical plug insertable endwise intoand rotatable in the bore of the casing and embodying a key slot at theouter end thereof, keyoperable tumblers mounted in and movabletransversely of the plug and adapted to lock the plug against rotationin the casing, said casing having a longitudinal groove along the borefor receiving the ends of the tumblers when the plug is in its lockedposition, and a second longitudinal groove along the bore for receivingthe ends of the tumblers when the plug is in its unlocked position, anda special tumbler for holding the plug against axial displacement in thecasing, mounted in the plug and adapted to be rendered inoperative whenthe plug is in its unlocked position by means of a key other than thekey for the locking tumblers, the front end of said second groove beingopen so as to permit the plug, when in its unlocked position, to beremoved from the casing by the key for the special tumbler and Withoutthe use of the tumbler key.

25. In a lock, the combination of a casing having a bore extendinglongitudinally therethrough, a cylindrical plug rotatable in andremovable axially from the bore of the casing and having formed thereina longitudinal slot for a key, a series of transversely extendingkey-operable tumblers mounted movably in the plug and operative to lockthe plug against rotation in the casing, and a special transverselyextending tumbler for holding the plug against removal from the bore,said special tumbler being mounted movably in the plug and adapted,after unlocking of the lock by the regular key, to be shifted positivelyinto an inoperative position for plug removing purposes in response toinsertion through said key slot of a special key unsuitable forunlocking the lock.

' Y 26. In a lock, the combination of a casing having a bore extendinglongitudinally therethrough, a cylindrical plug rotatable in andremovable axially from the bore of the casing and having a longitudinalslot for a key extending through the front end thereof, a series oftransversely extending key-operable tumblers mounted movably in thecentral portion of the plug and operative to lock the plug againstrotation in the casing, and a special transversely extending springpressed tumbler for holding the plug against removal from the bore, saidspecial tumbler being disposed in the rear end of the plug and havingmeans whereby it is positively shifted into an inoperative position forplug removal purposes upon insertion through said key slot of a specialkey having a different end formation than the regular key for the lock.

27. In a locking device, a housing, a cylinder mounted in the housingand provided With a key slot, change tumblers and a pick tumbler mountedin the cylinder, said housing having a recess into which the picktumbler extends, said pick tumbler remaining inoperative during theordinary operation of the locking device but having a portion extendinginto the key slot to be engaged by a key to permit the withdrawal of thecylinder from the housing.

28. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, anabutment carried by the mounting member, a lock cylinder movable in themounting member in the performance of its normal locking function, abarrier engageable with the mounting member abutment to removably securethe lock cylinder in the mounting member, said barrier having an outletpassage through which the mounting member abutment is adapted to passduring insertion and removal of the lock cylinder from the mountingmember, and spring-pressed means normally cooperating between saidcylinder and mounting member for preventing the removal of the cylinderwhen said outlet passage is opposite said abutment member, said meansbeing retractable through the keyway of said lock cylinder.

29. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member inthe performance of its normal locking functions, a barrier engageablewith the mounting member abutment to removably secure the lock cylinderin the mounting member, and a movable member normally forming a portionof the barrier and movable to an inactive position to release the lockcylinder for removal.

30. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member inthe performance of its normal locking function, a barrier on the lockcylinder engageable with the mounting member abutment to removablysecure the lock cylinder and the mounting member, said barrier having anoutlet passage topermit the mounting member abutment to pass to and fromengagement with the barrier, and a movable member carried by said lockcylinder and cooperable with the mounting member to prevent accidentalremoval of the lock cylinder when said outlet passage is opposite saidbarrier.

v31. A lockdevice, comprising a mounting member, a lock `cylinder membermovable therein in the performance of its locking functions, an abutmentcarried by one of said members, the other of said members having agroove in which the abutment is engageable to prevent separation of saidmembers, without interference with the movement of the cylinder memberin the performance of its locking functions, the groove having an outletwhereby the abutment may be disengaged therefrom when the members are ina predetermined relative position, and means normally blocking saidoutlet to prevent accidental disengagement of the abutment from thegroove when the members are in said predetermined relative position.

32. A lock device, comprising a mounting member, a lock cylinder membermovable therein in the performance of its locking functions, an abutmentcarried by one of said members, the other of said members having agroove in which the abutment is engageable to prevent separation of saidmembers, without interference with the movement of the cylinder memberin the performance of its locking functions, the groove having an outletwhereby the abutment may be disengaged therefrom when the members are ina predetermined relative position, and yieldable means normally blockingsaid outlet to prevent accidental disengagement of the abutment from thegroove when the members are in said predetermined relative position.

33. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, alock cylinder member movable in the mounting member, an abutment carriedby one oi said members, the other member having a bayonet slotengageable with the abutment when the lock cylinder member is in apredetermined position relative to the mounting member to releasablysecure the members against separation, and yieldable means normallyclosing the entrance to the bayonet slot to prevent accidentalwithdrawal of the lock cylinder member.

34. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, anabutment carried by the mounting member, a lock cylinder movable in themounting member in the performance of its normal locking functions, abarrier engageable with the mounting member abutment to removably securethe lock cylinder in the mounting member, said barrier having an outletpassage through which the mounting member abutment is adapted to passduring insertion and removal of the lock cylinder from the mountingmember, and means normally closing said passage.

35. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting member, anabutment carried by the mounting member, a lock cylinder rotatable inthe mounting member in the performance of its normal locking functions,a barrier engageable with the mounting member abutment throughout themovement of the lock cylinder in the performance of its lockingfunctions to removably secure the lock cylinder in the mounting member,said barrier having an outlet passage to permit the mounting memberabutment to be disengaged from the lock cylinder barrier to release thelock cylinder for removal, and means normally closing said passage.

36. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member inthe performance of its normal locking functions, a barrier engageablewith the mounting member abutment to removably secure the lock cylinderin the mounting member, said barrier having an outlet passage to permitthe mounting member abutment to pass to and from engagement with thebarrier, and a movable member normally forming a continuation of thebarrier and closing said passage to prevent unauthorized removal of thelock cylinder.

37. In a lock device of the character described, a mounting memberhaving an abutment, a lock cylinder movable in the mounting member inthe performance of its normal locking functions, a

barrier engageable with the mounting member abutment to removably securethe lock cylinder in the mounting member, said barrier being cut awayfor a distance to provide an outlet passage through which the mountingmember abutment is adapted to pass during insertion and removal of thelock cylinder from the mounting member, and means yieldably urged to aposition forming substantially a continuation of the barrier and closingsaid outlet passage to prevent unauthor- 10 ized removal of the lockcylinder.

' STEPHEN F. BRIGGS.

